- April 28, 2026The stylopharyngeus is the only muscle in the head supplied exclusively by the glossopharyngeal nerve, making it both a clinical…
- April 28, 2026The sternocleidomastoid is the dominant muscle of the anterior neck, dividing the neck into anterior and posterior triangles. Its combined…
- April 28, 2026The sternothyroid is a strap muscle connecting the sternum directly to the thyroid cartilage, depressing the larynx after it has…
- April 28, 2026The thyrohyoid connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone and is unique among the infrahyoid muscles in being innervated…
- April 28, 2026The scalenus minimus is a small and inconstant muscle present in approximately 36 percent of people, arising from C7 and…
- April 28, 2026The three pharyngeal constrictors overlap like nested plant pots to form the posterior and lateral pharyngeal wall. Their sequential superior-to-inferior…
- April 28, 2026The cricopharyngeus is the lower part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor that forms the upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS), maintaining tonic…
- April 28, 2026The thyroarytenoid is the bulk of the true vocal fold, whose medial fibres form the vocalis muscle that is the…
- April 28, 2026The cricothyroid is the only intrinsic laryngeal muscle innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve rather than…
- April 28, 2026The posterior cricoarytenoid is the most important intrinsic laryngeal muscle because it is the only abductor of the vocal cords,…