A small periosteal bursa between the tracheal rings and the paratracheal adipose tissue on either side of the trachea, reducing friction as the trachea moves with swallowing and during tracheal intubation. The paratracheal lymph nodes lie in adjacent tissue.
Paratracheal bursitis occurs in patients with tracheostomies from cuff pressure and in post-thyroidectomy patients where paratracheal dissection disturbs this tissue. Paratracheal lymph node involvement in thyroid cancer may compress the adjacent bursal tissue. The recurrent laryngeal nerve runs in the tracheoesophageal groove adjacent to this region.
Paratracheal tissue inflammation after thyroid surgery producing anterior neck discomfort and dysphagia from perioperative tissue reaction in the paratracheal space, resolving within weeks of surgery.
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