- May 2, 2026The vertebral venous plexus (Batson plexus) is an extensive valveless venous network surrounding the vertebral column, comprising the internal plexus…
- May 2, 2026The four pairs of lumbar arteries arise from the posterior surface of the abdominal aorta at each lumbar vertebral level…
- May 2, 2026The anterior spinal artery is formed by the union of two small branches from the vertebral arteries at the level…
- May 2, 2026The artery of Adamkiewicz (arteria radicularis magna, great anterior radiculomedullary artery) is the largest anterior radicular artery, providing the dominant…
- May 2, 2026A small periosteal bursa at the sacral attachment of the sacrotuberous ligament, between the thick ligament and the posterior sacral…
- May 2, 2026A periosteal bursa over the posterior iliac crest near the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS), developing from repetitive pressure from…
- May 2, 2026A small bursa at the iliac insertion of the quadratus lumborum, where the muscle attaches to the posterior iliac crest.…
- May 2, 2026A potential bursal space between the psoas fascia and the overlying retroperitoneal connective tissue, forming the outer boundary of the…
- May 2, 2026A small bursal space between adjacent lumbar laminae covered by the ligamentum flavum, present in the interlaminar window. It contains…
- May 2, 2026A periosteal bursa at the origin of quadratus lumborum on the posterior iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament, reducing friction at…