- April 28, 2026Chopart's joint is the functional midfoot boundary, comprising the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints in a transverse line. The classic Chopart…
- April 28, 2026The interphalangeal joints of the foot include the single IP joint of the great toe and the PIP and DIP…
- April 28, 2026The lesser MTP joints (2-5) are the final propulsion joints of the foot, accepting 200-800% body weight during terminal stance…
- April 28, 2026The ankle joint is formed by the bony mortise of the tibia and fibula around the talar trochlea. Its inherent…
- April 28, 2026The first MTP joint capsule provides complete joint containment and is divided and repaired strategically in hallux valgus correction. The…
- April 28, 2026The lateral ankle ligament complex comprises the ATFL (most commonly torn), CFL (torn with higher grade sprains), and PTFL (torn…
- April 28, 2026The deltoid ligament is a multilayer complex with superficial (tibionavicular, tibiospring, tibiocalcaneal) and deep (anterior and posterior tibiotalar) components. The…
- April 28, 2026The superficial deltoid ligament has three components arising from the anterior colliculus: the tibionavicular (most anterior), the tibiocalcaneal (middle), and…
- April 28, 2026The spring ligament (plantar calcaneonavicular) complex has two main components: the superomedial (SMCNL — the clinically important one) and the…
- April 28, 2026The interosseous talocalcaneal ligament fills the sinus tarsi between the talus and calcaneus, providing the primary intraosseous restraint of the…