Quadratus plantae (flexor accessorius) uniquely inserts on a tendon rather than bone, modifying the FDL vector. Without QP, toes would be pulled in a deviated direction during flexion.
| Origin | Medial and lateral calcaneal surfaces — two heads |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Lateral border of the FDL tendon before its division |
| Nerve Supply | Lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3) |
| Blood Supply | Lateral plantar artery |
| Actions | Modifies the pull direction of FDL — straightens the oblique pull to a longitudinal direction; Assists toe flexion in the second through fifth toes |
|---|
Involved in flatfoot surgery where medial column lengthening alters FDL mechanics. The calcaneal origin is addressed in endoscopic plantar fascia release where the adjacent attachment must be identified.
Not directly palpable — the deepest plantar layer.
QP origin disruption from displaced calcaneal fracture altering the FDL vector, contributing to functional deficit addressed during surgical reduction.
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