Abductor hallucis forms the medial plantar compartment and the medial foot border. Its origin from the medial calcaneal tuberosity makes it the landmark for Baxter's nerve entrapment.
| Origin | Medial calcaneal tuberosity and plantar fascia |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Medial base of the hallux proximal phalanx and medial sesamoid |
| Nerve Supply | Medial plantar nerve (S1, S2) |
| Blood Supply | Medial plantar artery |
| Actions | Abducts the hallux; Supports the medial longitudinal arch |
|---|
Abductor hallucis hypertrophy can compress Baxter's nerve, producing chronic heel pain. Surgical decompression releases the nerve by partial incision of the abductor origin. In hallux valgus, the laterally deviated hallux stretches the abductor, causing loss of mechanical advantage.
Palpated along the medial plantar foot border during resisted hallux abduction.
First branch of the lateral plantar nerve compression between abductor hallucis and the medial calcaneus, managed by decompression of the abductor origin.
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