FDB is the most superficial of the three plantar intrinsic muscle layers. Its tendons split to allow FDL to pass through, analogous to FDS and FDP in the hand.
| Origin | Medial calcaneal tuberosity and plantar fascia |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Middle phalanges of toes 2-5 — two slips split by FDL tendon |
| Nerve Supply | Medial plantar nerve (S1, S2) |
| Blood Supply | Medial plantar artery |
| Actions | Flexes the PIP joints of the lesser toes; Supports the medial longitudinal arch |
|---|
Careful plantar fascia release must preserve the FDB origin. In clawtoe deformity, FDB is addressed when PIP contracture is fixed. FDB harvesting for plantar digital nerve coverage has been described.
Not individually palpable through the plantar fascia layer.
Plantar fascia release must identify the FDB origin to avoid disrupting plantar arch support.
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