- April 28, 2026Pectoralis minor is the key muscle producing anterior scapular tilt (inferior angle lifted away from the thorax), which reduces the…
- April 28, 2026The rhomboid major is the larger of the two rhomboids, retracting the scapula and rotating the glenoid inferiorly. Weakness of…
- April 28, 2026The first rib is the shortest, flattest, and most curved rib, articulating only with T1 (unlike ribs 2 through 9…
- April 28, 2026The external intercostal muscles occupy the posterior and lateral intercostal spaces, with fibres running inferomedially analogous to the external oblique…
- April 28, 2026The internal intercostal muscles run perpendicular to the external intercostals (superoanteriorly rather than inferoanteriorly), depressing the ribs during forced expiration.…
- April 28, 2026The subclavian vein is the main venous return from the upper limb, joining the internal jugular vein to form the…
- April 28, 2026The coronary arteries supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood, paradoxically being filled during diastole when the aortic sinuses trap…
- April 28, 2026The aorta is the largest artery in the body, a single high-pressure trunk that receives all the cardiac output and…
- April 28, 2026The costovertebral joints are paired articulations between each rib head and the thoracic vertebral bodies, with most ribs articulating with…
- April 28, 2026The sternocostal joints connect the costal cartilages to the sternum, with the first rib forming a cartilaginous synchondrosis that is…