The cingulate gyrus curves around the corpus callosum on the medial surface of each hemisphere, separated from it by the callosal sulcus and from the frontal and parietal cortex by the cingulate sulcus. It forms the upper half of the limbic lobe. The anterior part is linked to emotion and motivation, the posterior part to memory and self-reflection.
| Location | Medial surface of the hemisphere, arching above the corpus callosum between the callosal and cingulate sulci |
|---|---|
| Parts |
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| Connections |
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| Blood Supply | Anterior cerebral artery (callosomarginal and pericallosal branches); Posterior cerebral artery (posterior part) |
Links emotion, motivation and pain with action, monitors conflicts and errors, and through its posterior part supports memory and self-referential thinking.
Bilateral anterior cingulate damage can cause akinetic mutism, a state of profound lack of initiative. The anterior cingulate is active in pain, error detection and mood, and has been targeted surgically (cingulotomy) for intractable pain and obsessive compulsive disorder. The posterior cingulate shows early reduced metabolism in Alzheimer disease.
Severe loss of spontaneous movement and speech with preserved alertness after bilateral anterior cingulate damage.
Shift of the cingulate gyrus under the falx cerebri from a mass effect, which can compress the anterior cerebral artery.
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