The stratum basale is the deepest single layer of the epidermis, a row of column-shaped cells resting on the basement membrane. Its stem cells divide constantly to replace the skin surface, and melanocytes and Merkel cells sit among them.
| Location | Deepest layer of the epidermis, on the basement membrane above the dermis |
|---|---|
| Parts |
|
| Nerve Supply | Free nerve endings and Merkel cells from cutaneous nerves |
| Blood Supply | None (epidermis is avascular; nourished from dermal capillaries) |
| Venous drainage |
|
| Lymphatic drainage |
|
Generates new keratinocytes that move upwards to renew the epidermis roughly every 4 weeks, and holds pigment cells.
Basal cell carcinoma, the most common skin cancer, arises from cells of this layer. Autoimmune blistering diseases such as bullous pemphigoid target the anchoring proteins here. Sunburn damages DNA in dividing basal cells.
A slow-growing, locally invasive skin cancer from basal layer cells, mainly on sun-exposed skin.
Autoimmune attack on basement membrane anchors causing tense blisters in older people.
This website uses cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for site functionality, while others help us analyze and improve your usage experience. Please review your options and make your choice.
If you are under 16 years old, please ensure that you have received consent from your parent or guardian for any non-essential cookies.
Your privacy is important to us. You can adjust your cookie settings at any time. For more information about how we use data, please read our privacy policy. You may change your preferences at any time by clicking on the settings button below.
Note that if you choose to disable some types of cookies, it may impact your experience of the site and the services we are able to offer.
Some required resources have been blocked, which can affect third-party services and may cause the site to not function properly.
This website uses cookies to enhance your browsing experience and ensure the site functions properly. By continuing to use this site, you acknowledge and accept our use of cookies.
