Subcoracoid Space

spatium subcoracoideum

The subcoracoid space lies between the coracoid process above and the subscapularis tendon and anterior shoulder capsule below, bounded laterally by the coracohumeral ligament. The subcoracoid bursa and the anterior rotator cuff structures pass through this space.

Anatomical Data

Boundaries & Contents

Location	Front of the shoulder, between the tip of the coracoid process and the lesser tuberosity
Boundaries	Coracoid process (front and above) Subscapularis tendon and lesser tuberosity (behind) Conjoint tendon of coracobrachialis and short head of biceps (front) Coracohumeral ligament (lateral)
Contents	Subcoracoid bursa Fat

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Lets subscapularis slide under the coracoid during internal rotation. Narrowing of the gap between coracoid and humerus can pinch the subscapularis tendon (subcoracoid impingement).

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Subcoracoid impingement occurs when the subscapularis and biceps tendon are compressed between the coracoid and the lesser tuberosity in combined shoulder flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. A coracohumeral distance less than 6 mm on CT or MRI indicates subcoracoid stenosis. Coracoplasty (coracoid tip resection) and subscapularis repair address this impingement pattern.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Subcoracoid Impingement Syndrome

Subscapularis and biceps tendon compression in the subcoracoid space producing anterior shoulder pain in flexion-adduction-internal rotation, managed by physical therapy and coracoplasty in refractory cases.

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