The coracoid process is a hook-shaped projection from the superior scapula serving as the attachment point for the pectoralis minor, short head of biceps, and coracobrachialis muscles, and the origin of the coracoacromial and coracoclavicular ligaments. The coracoid is palpable 1 cm below the clavicle medial to the coracohumeral joint and is a landmark for anterior shoulder anatomy.
| Articulations |
|
|---|---|
| Landmarks |
|
| Ossification | The coracoid ossification centre appears in the first year of life and fuses with the scapula between ages 14 and 20 at the coracoid base. |
The coracoid is transferred in the Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability with significant glenoid bone loss. The coracoid tip with attached conjoint tendon is fixed to the glenoid defect, providing both bone augmentation and a dynamic sling effect. The coracoid impingement syndrome produces anterior shoulder pain from the subscapularis compressing against the coracoid tip during internal rotation and forward flexion, with a coracohumeral distance less than 8 mm on MRI being diagnostic.
Find the junction of the middle and outer thirds of the clavicle, then move about 2-3 cm straight down into the hollow between deltoid and pectoralis major (the deltopectoral groove). Press firmly backward and slightly outward to feel a deep bony knob; this is the tip of the coracoid process. It is often tender even in a healthy shoulder.
An uncommon fracture often associated with acromioclavicular separation or shoulder dislocation.
Narrowing between the coracoid and lesser tuberosity compresses the subscapularis tendon, causing anterior shoulder pain.
This website uses cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for site functionality, while others help us analyze and improve your usage experience. Please review your options and make your choice.
If you are under 16 years old, please ensure that you have received consent from your parent or guardian for any non-essential cookies.
Your privacy is important to us. You can adjust your cookie settings at any time. For more information about how we use data, please read our privacy policy. You may change your preferences at any time by clicking on the settings button below.
Note that if you choose to disable some types of cookies, it may impact your experience of the site and the services we are able to offer.
Some required resources have been blocked, which can affect third-party services and may cause the site to not function properly.
This website uses cookies to enhance your browsing experience and ensure the site functions properly. By continuing to use this site, you acknowledge and accept our use of cookies.
