Rotator Cuff Interval Tendons

intervallum tendinum rotatoris cuffae

The rotator interval is the triangular space between the anterior supraspinatus and superior subscapularis, containing the biceps long head tendon, coracohumeral ligament, and SGHL. Its contracture in adhesive capsulitis produces the rotator interval fibrosis that limits external rotation and inferior arm elevation. Arthroscopic rotator interval closure (suturing supraspinatus to subscapularis) reduces inferior glenohumeral instability.

Anatomical Data

Boundaries & Contents

Location	Front and top of the shoulder, between the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons
Boundaries	Above: anterior edge of the supraspinatus tendon Below: upper edge of the subscapularis tendon Base (medial): coracoid process Apex (lateral): transverse humeral ligament at the top of the bicipital groove Roofed by the coracohumeral ligament and joint capsule
Contents	Long head of biceps tendon Coracohumeral ligament Superior glenohumeral ligament Joint capsule

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Allows the long head of biceps to enter the joint and, through the coracohumeral and superior glenohumeral ligaments, limits inferior translation and external rotation with the arm at the side. It thickens and contracts in frozen shoulder.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Rotator interval closure is performed arthroscopically for inferior and multidirectional instability, suturing the interval reduces the inferior pouch volume and tightens the coracohumeral ligament. Conversely, rotator interval release (opening this space) is one of the first steps in arthroscopic adhesive capsulitis release.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Rotator Interval Contracture in Frozen Shoulder

Rotator interval fibrosis in adhesive capsulitis limiting external rotation released as part of arthroscopic capsular release.

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