The glenoid labrum is a fibrocartilaginous rim deepening the glenoid socket, with the glenohumeral ligaments attaching to it peripherally. The superior labrum with the biceps anchor (SLAP — superior labrum anterior-posterior) is a distinct zone vulnerable to overhead throwing. Bankart lesion (anteroinferior labral detachment) is the pathological basis of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation.
| Origin | Glenoid rim (circumferential attachment — perichondral junction) |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Glenoid rim cartilage and glenohumeral ligaments (which attach to the labrum peripherally) |
| Actions | Deepens the glenoid socket by 50%; anchors the glenohumeral ligaments; provides suction cup stability; contains proprioceptive mechanoreceptors |
|---|
SLAP tear classification: Type I (degenerative fraying — debride), Type II (biceps anchor detachment — repair with suture anchors), Type III (bucket handle — excise without anchor disruption), Type IV (extends into biceps tendon — repair or biceps tenodesis). Bankart repair with suture anchors at 2, 3, and 4 o'clock on the glenoid restores the anteroinferior bumper and IGHL origin.
Superior labral tear with biceps anchor disruption from repetitive overhead throwing managed with suture anchor repair or biceps tenodesis for Type II-IV.
