- May 6, 2026The superior glenoid labrum provides the attachment for the long head of the biceps tendon and the superior glenohumeral ligament,…
- May 6, 2026The inferior glenoid labrum provides the inferior socket rim and the critical attachment for the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex —…
- May 6, 2026The acromioclavicular joint disc is a fibrocartilaginous intraarticular disc in the AC joint, typically partial (meniscoid) rather than complete, separating…
- May 6, 2026The AC joint capsule is a thin fibrous sleeve enclosing the acromioclavicular joint, reinforced by the superior acromioclavicular ligament on…
- May 6, 2026The anterior head of the deltoid is the flexion and internal rotation component. It works antagonistically to the posterior head…
- May 6, 2026The posterior deltoid head is the extension and external rotation component. It works with the infraspinatus and teres minor in…
- May 6, 2026The lower slips of serratus anterior are the most functionally important component — their pull on the inferior scapular angle…
- May 6, 2026The axillary arch (arch of Langer) is an anomalous musculofascial slip crossing the axilla between pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi.…
- May 6, 2026The supraspinatus is the most commonly torn rotator cuff muscle. Its critical zone (the avascular area 1 cm from the…
- May 6, 2026The infraspinatus is the primary external rotator and is the second most commonly torn rotator cuff muscle. Its middle facet…