The maxillary second molars lie behind the first molars in the upper jaw (Universal 2 on the right and 15 on the left, FDI 17 and 27). They are slightly smaller, with four cusps of which the distopalatal cusp is small or absent, and three roots that sit closer together and are sometimes fused. They erupt at about 12-13 years, the twelve-year molars.
| Location | Upper dental arch, behind the first molar on each side |
|---|---|
| Parts |
|
| Nerve Supply | Posterior superior alveolar nerve (maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve); Greater palatine nerve (palatal gingiva) |
| Blood Supply | Posterior superior alveolar artery (from the maxillary artery) |
| Venous drainage |
|
| Lymphatic drainage |
|
Grind food alongside the first molar and help support the height of the bite.
The opening of the parotid duct lies in the cheek opposite the upper second molar, a useful landmark when examining the mouth. Like the first molar its roots lie near the maxillary sinus. Being far back, it is harder to clean, and its buccal surface and fissures are common sites of decay and gum disease.
Decay in the fissures and between the teeth, encouraged by difficult access for brushing.
An opening into the maxillary sinus after extraction because of the closeness of the roots to the sinus floor.
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