The fundus is the rounded top of the uterus, lying above the openings of the uterine tubes. It is the widest and most mobile part of the uterus. In pregnancy it rises steadily out of the pelvis into the abdomen.
| Location | Uppermost part of the uterus above the level of the uterine tube openings |
|---|---|
| Parts |
|
| Nerve Supply | Uterovaginal plexus (from the inferior hypogastric plexus); Sympathetic fibres T10-L1 (pain from the uterine body); Pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4 (parasympathetic, pain from the cervix) |
| Blood Supply | Uterine artery; Ovarian artery (anastomosing branches) |
| Venous drainage |
|
| Lymphatic drainage |
|
Forms the dome of the uterus and generates much of the contractile force of labour.
Measuring the height of the fundus above the pubic bone (symphysis-fundal height) is a simple way to track fetal growth; in centimetres it roughly equals the weeks of pregnancy from about 20 weeks. After birth the fundus should feel firm and contracted at about the navel; a soft, high fundus suggests uterine atony, the main cause of postpartum haemorrhage. Lymph from the fundus can reach the para-aortic and, via the round ligament, the inguinal nodes.
Failure of the uterus to contract after delivery, causing heavy postpartum bleeding; the fundus feels soft and boggy.
A fibroid in the fundus, which may distort the cavity and cause heavy bleeding or pressure.
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