The fetal membranes are the two thin layers that form the sac around the fetus: the inner amnion, which makes and holds amniotic fluid, and the outer chorion, which fuses with the uterine lining and forms the fetal side of the placenta.
| Location | Lining the pregnant uterus, enclosing the fetus and amniotic fluid |
|---|---|
| Parts |
|
| Nerve Supply | None |
| Blood Supply | Supplied by diffusion and chorionic vessels from the umbilical circulation |
| Venous drainage |
|
| Lymphatic drainage |
|
Protect the fetus, hold amniotic fluid, allow movement and growth, and act as a barrier to infection.
Rupture of the membranes ("waters breaking") normally starts or accompanies labour; rupture before 37 weeks raises infection and preterm birth risk. Infection of the membranes (chorioamnionitis) is dangerous to mother and baby. In twins, sharing the chorion or amnion affects pregnancy risk.
Breaking of the waters before 37 weeks and before labour, risking infection and preterm birth.
Infection of the membranes and amniotic fluid causing fever and fetal distress.
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