The lateral arcuate ligament is a thickening of the anterior fascia of the quadratus lumborum, arching from the transverse process of L1 to the 12th rib, forming the lateral origin of the diaphragm on each side.
Provides the lateral origin of the diaphragm from the quadratus lumborum fascia, creates the lateral lumbar triangle through which the quadratus lumborum muscle belly passes, and is the structure through which the subcostal and iliohypogastric nerves pass.
The lateral arcuate ligament defines the posterolateral diaphragmatic origin — congenital diaphragmatic hernia in the Bochdalek region occurs at a weakness posterolateral to this ligament. The subcostal nerve passes beneath the 12th rib and through the lateral arcuate ligament on its course to the abdominal wall.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia through the posterolateral diaphragmatic weakness adjacent to the lateral arcuate ligament, producing neonatal respiratory distress from bowel herniation into the chest.
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