The subcoracoid space lies between the coracoid process above and the subscapularis tendon and anterior shoulder capsule below, bounded laterally by the coracohumeral ligament. The subcoracoid bursa and the anterior rotator cuff structures pass through this space.
Subcoracoid impingement occurs when the subscapularis and biceps tendon are compressed between the coracoid and the lesser tuberosity in combined shoulder flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. A coracohumeral distance less than 6 mm on CT or MRI indicates subcoracoid stenosis. Coracoplasty (coracoid tip resection) and subscapularis repair address this impingement pattern.
Subscapularis and biceps tendon compression in the subcoracoid space producing anterior shoulder pain in flexion-adduction-internal rotation, managed by physical therapy and coracoplasty in refractory cases.
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