The sternoclavicular joint is the only true synovial joint connecting the upper limb to the axial skeleton. Its saddle-shaped articulation and the articular disc make it one of the most stable joints relative to its range of motion. The posterior capsule is the primary restraint against anterior dislocation — posterior SC dislocation is rare but potentially life-threatening from mediastinal structure compression.
Posterior SC dislocation from direct force is a surgical emergency — the dislocated clavicle head can compress the trachea, oesophagus, and great vessels. Closed reduction under general anaesthesia using the towel clip technique is first-line; open reduction with suture stabilisation for failed reduction or late cases. CT confirms the dislocation direction.
Life-threatening posterior sternoclavicular dislocation compressing mediastinal structures requiring emergency closed or open reduction.
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