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Home › Body Atlas › Brain & Spinal Cord › Olive
Brain Structure Head & Skull

Olive

oliva

The olive is an oval bulge on each side of the front of the medulla, just lateral to the pyramid. It is formed by the inferior olivary nucleus beneath.

Anatomical Data

Structure & Connections

LocationAnterolateral surface of the medulla oblongata, between the pyramid and the inferior cerebellar peduncle
Parts
  • Inferior olivary nucleus beneath
  • Preolivary sulcus (hypoglossal rootlets)
  • Postolivary sulcus (glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory rootlets)
Connections
Blood SupplyVertebral artery; Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Surface marker of the inferior olivary nucleus, a relay for motor learning signals to the cerebellum.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Its sulci mark where cranial nerves IX-XII leave the brainstem, used to localise brainstem lesions. Enlargement of the olive (hypertrophic olivary degeneration) follows damage to the central tegmental tract and can cause palatal tremor.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration

Swelling of the inferior olive after damage to its connections, sometimes with palatal tremor.

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