The thoracoacromial artery is a short trunk from the axillary artery that immediately divides into four branches supplying the anterior shoulder, pectoralis muscles, and deltoid region. Its pectoral branch is the primary supply for the pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap (one of the most commonly used pedicled flaps in head and neck reconstruction). The acromial branch contributes to the acromial anastomosis.
| Origin | Second part of the axillary artery (deep to pectoralis minor) |
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The pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap based on the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery is the primary pedicled flap for pharyngeal reconstruction, mandible coverage, and cervical skin defects in head and neck oncology. The muscle can be transferred alone or with an overlying skin paddle. The flap is bulky but reliable with a well-defined blood supply.
Thoracoacromial pectoral branch-based musculocutaneous flap for head and neck wound coverage and pharyngeal reconstruction.
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