The radial artery gives thenar branches as it crosses the wrist to enter the deep palmar arch, supplying the thenar muscles and contributing to the superficial palmar arch via the superficial palmar branch.
The thenar radial artery branches are divided during first CMC joint arthroplasty and carpal tunnel release when extended. Their interruption during harvesting of the radial artery for CABG may be compensated by the superficial palmar arch via ulnar collateral flow. Persistent thenar pain after carpal tunnel surgery may involve thenar arterial branch disruption.
Inadvertent thenar artery branch injury during extended carpal tunnel release producing thenar bruising and transient thenar warmth from loss of sympathetic vasoconstriction in the divided vessel territory.
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