Popliteal Vein

vena poplitea

The popliteal vein is the deep vein of the popliteal region, the direct continuation of the posterior tibial vein draining the leg into the femoral vein. Deep vein thrombosis involving the popliteal vein or more proximally carries a significant pulmonary embolism risk because the large vein diameter allows large thrombus formation and proximal propagation. DVT isolated to the popliteal vein or more proximally is the threshold above which anticoagulation is universally recommended.

Region: Knee

Anatomical Data

Origin, Insertion & Supply

Origin	Junction of the anterior and posterior tibial veins at the lower popliteal fossa

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Popliteal vein DVT produces calf swelling, tenderness, and warmth reproduced by Homan sign (calf pain on dorsiflexion — though insensitive and non-specific). Duplex ultrasound is the standard diagnostic test, with compression ultrasound at the popliteal level the key assessment. Isolated distal DVT (calf veins only) has a 15 to 25 percent proximal propagation rate, making anticoagulation decisions complex. Popliteal vein entrapment syndrome from gastrocnemius and popliteal muscle compression mimics DVT in young athletes.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Popliteal DVT

Deep vein thrombosis at or proximal to the popliteal vein requiring anticoagulation to prevent pulmonary embolism, diagnosed by compression ultrasound and treated with LMWH bridging to oral anticoagulants.