The popliteal vein runs with the popliteal artery through the popliteal fossa at the knee level, formed by the confluence of the anterior and posterior tibial veins at the popliteal fossa inferior border. It is the most common site for proximal DVT in the lower extremity.
The popliteal vein at the knee level is the junction of the deep venous system from the leg, making it the most important venous level for DVT assessment by duplex ultrasound. DVT at this level or proximal carries the highest risk of pulmonary embolism compared with distal calf DVT. Knee arthroplasty and knee arthroscopy carry significant popliteal vein DVT risk requiring chemical or mechanical thromboprophylaxis.
Deep vein thrombosis at the popliteal vein level after total knee replacement producing posterior knee pain and calf swelling, detected by duplex ultrasound and requiring therapeutic anticoagulation for a minimum of 3 months.
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