The popliteal artery is the continuation of the femoral artery through the popliteal fossa, providing the primary blood supply to the knee joint and dividing into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries below the knee.
The popliteal artery is the most commonly injured major artery in knee dislocation — a vascular injury that must be excluded urgently as limb loss can occur within hours. Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome affects young athletes from anomalous muscle-artery relationships.
Vascular injury in up to 30% of knee dislocations, requiring urgent angiography or CTA and repair to prevent lower limb ischaemia and potential amputation.
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