The genicular venous network accompanies the genicular arterial anastomosis around the knee, draining the periarticular tissues, menisci, fat pads, and joint capsule into the popliteal and great saphenous veins. The venous network mirrors the arterial genicular anastomosis.
The genicular venous network is the source of haemarthrosis after arthroscopic meniscus and ACL surgery, as periarticular venous bleeding enters the joint through capsular perforations. Tourniquet release at the end of arthroscopic surgery allows assessment and haemostasis of the genicular vessels. The network is compressed by knee effusion and joint distension, accounting for the tourniquet-like pain of tense haemarthrosis.
Genicular venous network bleeding into the knee joint after arthroscopy producing post-operative haemarthrosis, managed by knee aspiration and compression bandaging when causing significant pain and range of motion limitation.
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