Femoral Vein

vena femoralis

The femoral vein is the main venous drainage of the lower limb and the primary site for femoral vein deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It lies medial to the femoral artery in the femoral sheath, accessible for central venous catheterisation via the femoral approach. The femoral vein is the preferred approach for inferior vena cava filter placement and for pulmonary angiography in the investigation of pulmonary embolism.

Region: Thigh

Anatomical Data

Origin, Insertion & Supply

Origin	Continuation of the popliteal vein at the adductor hiatus

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Femoral vein DVT is identified on duplex ultrasound by non-compressibility of the vein, absent phasic flow with respiration, and visible thrombus. Anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants is the primary treatment. The post-thrombotic syndrome from femoral DVT produces chronic leg swelling, skin changes, and ulceration from venous insufficiency in up to 50 percent of patients despite adequate anticoagulation.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Femoral DVT

Deep vein thrombosis of the femoral vein producing leg swelling and pain confirmed by duplex ultrasound, managed with anticoagulation and compression to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome and pulmonary embolism.