The femoral artery is the continuation of the external iliac artery below the inguinal ligament, supplying the thigh and lower limb. It is the primary pulse point of the lower extremity and the main access site for femoral vascular procedures.
The femoral pulse is palpable in the femoral triangle at the mid-inguinal point and is used for arterial line access, angiography, and cardiac catheterisation. Femoral artery occlusion from atherosclerosis produces claudication and critical limb ischaemia.
Atherosclerotic or embolic obstruction causing lower limb ischaemia — from claudication to critical limb-threatening ischaemia requiring urgent revascularisation.
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