Cystic Artery

arteria cystica

The cystic artery supplies the gallbladder and arises most commonly from the right hepatic artery within Calot triangle (bounded by the cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and liver undersurface). Its identification and ligation is the critical step in cholecystectomy. Its anomalous origin from the main hepatic, left hepatic, or proper hepatic artery (present in up to 25 percent of people) is the most common cause of inadvertent biliary or vascular injury during cholecystectomy.

Region: Abdomen

Anatomical Data

Origin, Insertion & Supply

Origin	Right hepatic artery in the hepatocystic triangle (Calot triangle)

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

The critical view of safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy requires visualising the cystic artery and cystic duct as the only two structures entering the gallbladder — confirming their identity before clipping prevents inadvertent common bile duct or right hepatic artery clipping. Anatomical variations of the cystic artery make this the most important surgical manoeuvre in cholecystectomy. Accessory cystic arteries occur in 15 percent of patients.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Cystic Artery Injury

Inadvertent division of the right hepatic artery mistaken for the cystic artery during cholecystectomy, prevented by achieving the critical view of safety.