Cephalic Vein in Deltopectoral Groove

vena cephalica in sulco deltopectorali

The cephalic vein runs in the deltopectoral groove (deltopectoral triangle) between the anterior deltoid and pectoralis major, ascending to drain into the axillary vein at the deltopectoral triangle apex (Mohrenheim's fossa). It is the standard surgical landmark for the deltopectoral approach.

Region: Shoulder

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

The cephalic vein in the deltopectoral groove is the key landmark of the anterior shoulder approach — it is retracted medially (with pectoralis major) or laterally (with deltoid) depending on the approach variant. In shoulder arthroplasty and proximal humeral fracture fixation, cephalic vein preservation reduces post-operative arm swelling. Pacemaker leads are often inserted via cephalic vein cutdown at the deltopectoral groove level.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Cephalic Vein Preservation in Deltopectoral Approach

Medial retraction of the cephalic vein with pectoralis major during the deltopectoral shoulder approach to protect the vein from inadvertent division, reducing post-operative arm oedema and preserving the vein for future pacemaker lead access.