The callosomarginal artery is a major branch of the anterior cerebral artery at the A2-A3 junction, running in the cingulate sulcus parallel and just superficial to the pericallosal artery. It gives off multiple cortical branches (anterior frontal, middle frontal, posterior frontal) supplying the cingulate gyrus and the medial surface of the superior frontal gyrus. The callosomarginal artery is present as a distinct vessel in approximately 60% of individuals; in others, the cortical branches arise directly from the pericallosal artery.
| Origin | Anterior cerebral artery, usually from the A2 segment |
|---|---|
| Course | Runs backward in or near the cingulate sulcus, parallel to the pericallosal artery, giving cortical branches to the medial frontal and parietal lobes |
| Branches |
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The callosomarginal artery and its branches are the main supply to the supplementary motor area and the medial premotor and paracentral cortex. Infarction in its territory causes contralateral weakness that mainly affects the leg and foot, with sensory loss in the leg, while the face and arm are relatively spared. Dominant-side supplementary motor area involvement can cause reduced spontaneous speech (transcortical motor aphasia) and akinesia. Distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms typically arise at the pericallosal-callosomarginal junction, and the artery must be preserved during their clipping and during interhemispheric approaches to the corpus callosum and falcine meningiomas.
Occlusion of the callosomarginal artery and its medial frontal branches produces supplementary motor area infarction with contralateral lower limb paresis, transcortical motor aphasia in the dominant hemisphere, and bilateral proximal limb akinesia; recovery is often better than MCA territory infarction due to motor cortex sparing.
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