The anterior tibial recurrent vein accompanies the anterior tibial recurrent artery from the proximal anterior tibial vessels to the knee joint anastomosis, draining the anterior proximal leg and contributing to the peri-knee venous drainage. It runs in the anterior compartment of the upper leg.
The anterior tibial recurrent vein is encountered during proximal tibial approaches and tibial osteotomies where the anterior tibial vessels in the proximal leg must be identified. Its relationship to the anterior tibial recurrent artery makes it a landmark during tibial tubercle osteotomy and proximal tibial plateau fixation. Vascular injury in this area during tibial surgery can produce significant anterior compartment haematoma.
Inadvertent injury to the anterior tibial recurrent vessels during proximal tibial surgery producing anterior compartment haematoma and risk of anterior compartment syndrome.
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