The anterior tibial artery passes through the interosseous membrane to supply the anterior compartment muscles and continues as the dorsalis pedis artery on the dorsum of the foot.
The dorsalis pedis pulse on the dorsum of the foot between the first and second extensor tendons is a key clinical assessment for lower limb perfusion. The anterior tibial artery is the vessel at risk in anterior compartment syndrome.
Raised pressure within the anterior compartment compromises the anterior tibial artery and deep peroneal nerve — a surgical emergency requiring urgent fasciotomy.
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