Triceps Brachii Tendon

tendo musculi tricipitis brachii

The triceps tendon is the single converging tendon of all three triceps heads, inserting on the olecranon posterior surface. It is the strongest tendon of the upper limb and is ruptured far less commonly than the distal biceps or rotator cuff tendons, typically in middle-aged males from eccentric loading during a fall. A palpable olecranon gap and inability to actively extend the elbow against gravity confirm the diagnosis.

Region: Upper Arm

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Transmits triceps extension force to the olecranon; provides elbow extension for pushing, pressing, and throwing

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Triceps tendon rupture is rare (far less common than biceps rupture) and associated with anabolic steroid use, renal osteodystrophy, and corticosteroid injection into the tendon. The Thompson squeeze test equivalent for the triceps is absent elbow extension when the distal triceps muscle belly is squeezed. Surgical repair with transosseous sutures through the olecranon within 2 weeks produces excellent outcomes.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Triceps Tendon Rupture

Complete olecranon avulsion producing inability to actively extend the elbow against gravity with a palpable olecranon gap, requiring urgent surgical repair.