The short head of biceps arises from the coracoid process apex via a conjoined tendon shared with coracobrachialis, descending through the anterior arm alongside the long head before the two merge into the common biceps muscle belly. At the upper arm level this conjoined tendon is a palpable, rounded cord on the anterior shoulder.
The short head coracoid tendon is a key landmark during the deltopectoral surgical approach to the shoulder, where it marks the medial boundary of the approach. Coracoid impingement compresses this tendon between the coracoid tip and the lesser tubercle during combined shoulder flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. In the Latarjet procedure the coracoid graft is transferred with the conjoined tendon intact, providing a sling effect.
Compression of the short head conjoined tendon against the lesser tubercle during combined shoulder flexion, adduction, and internal rotation, producing anterior shoulder pain managed by coracoplasty or arthroscopic decompression.
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