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Lumbrical Tendons (Foot)

tendines musculorum lumbricales pedis

The foot lumbrical tendons mirror their hand counterparts, arising from the FDL slips and inserting on the extensor expansions of the lesser toes. Their primary function is to prevent claw toe deformity by maintaining the toes in the intrinsic plus position of MTP flexion with IP extension. Peripheral neuropathy causing lumbrical weakness allows the extrinsic extensors to hyperextend the MTP joints while the FDL flexes the IP joints, producing the characteristic claw toe deformity.

Region: Foot & Ankle

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

MTP joint flexion and IP joint extension; prevent claw toe formation by maintaining intrinsic plus posture

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Lumbrical atrophy from peripheral neuropathy (diabetic, CMT) produces progressive claw toe deformity from loss of the intrinsic plus balancing function. Early orthotics to support the MTP joints slow progression, but established rigid deformity requires surgical correction with PIP arthrodesis and extensor lengthening.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Neuropathic Claw Toe

Lumbrical and interosseous atrophy from peripheral neuropathy producing claw toe deformity from intrinsic minus imbalance managed with orthotics and surgical correction.