The lower trapezius fibres converge into an aponeurotic tendon that inserts onto the spine of the scapula. This long aponeurosis allows efficient force transfer from the lower thoracic spinous processes to the scapular spine, depressing and retracting the scapula during arm elevation.
Lower trapezius tendinous insertion pathology contributes to scapular dyskinesis and shoulder impingement in overhead athletes. Weakness or inhibition of the lower trapezius is associated with subacromial impingement and labral pathology. Dry needling and strengthening exercises targeting the lower trapezius are core components of shoulder rehabilitation.
Degenerative change at the scapular spine insertion producing interscapular pain with overhead activity, contributing to scapular winging and shoulder impingement syndrome.
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