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Interosseous Tendons (Foot)

tendines musculorum interosseorum pedis

The foot interossei insert into the extensor expansion and proximal phalanges, stabilising the MTP joints against dorsal subluxation during the propulsive phase of gait. Their weakness in rheumatoid arthritis allows MTP dorsal subluxation and hammer toe formation. The plantar interossei adduct toes 3-5 toward the second toe axis and the dorsal interossei abduct relative to the second toe axis.

Region: Foot & Ankle

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

MTP joint stabilisation; resist MTP dorsal subluxation alongside the lumbricals; toe abduction (dorsal) and adduction (plantar)

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Interosseous atrophy in peripheral neuropathy (diabetes, Charcot-Marie-Tooth) produces the interosseous minus pattern of MTP hyperextension and IP flexion (hammer toes). Tenotomy of the interosseous tendons contributes to hammer toe correction. The intrinsic minus foot from interosseous weakness has high plantar pressure under the metatarsal heads from the loss of MTP stabilisation.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Interosseous Atrophy in Neuropathy

Interosseous tendon weakness from peripheral neuropathy producing MTP instability and hammer toe formation managed with orthotic offloading and MTP stabilisation procedures.