The FDP tendons pass through the carpal tunnel deep to the FDS tendons, then through the Camper chiasm split of the FDS to insert on the distal phalanx bases. The index FDP has an independent muscle belly; fingers 3-5 share a common muscle belly, linking their excursion (the quadriga effect). FDP is the only flexor of the DIP joint and produces the firm grip force needed for power grasp.
DIP joint flexion (primary); assists PIP and MCP flexion
The quadriga effect means that if one FDP tendon is shortened (by repair under excessive tension or by tethering adhesion), the remaining FDP tendons connected to the same muscle belly cannot fully flex — producing weakness of the adjacent fingers. Jersey finger (FDP avulsion from the distal phalanx) is managed with surgical reinsertion within 10 days of injury.
FDP avulsion from the distal phalanx during jersey grasping producing inability to flex the DIP joint, requiring surgical reinsertion within 10 days for optimal outcome.
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