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Extensor Digitorum Brevis Tendon

tendo musculi extensoris digitorum brevis

The extensor digitorum brevis gives rise to four tendons that join the extensor digitorum longus tendons on the dorsal surface of the toes. Three tendons merge with the dorsal digital expansions of the second, third, and fourth toes (the fourth often called the extensor hallucis brevis tendon to the hallux). The tendons travel obliquely across the dorsum of the foot, becoming more superficial as they reach the digits.

Region: Foot & Ankle

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

The extensor digitorum brevis muscle belly on the lateral dorsum of the foot is important clinically as it can be confused with a dorsal mass when hypertrophied or when a ganglion develops adjacent to it. Avulsion of the EDB origin from the calcaneus at the sinus tarsi is a component of lateral ankle sprain injuries. The tendons and muscle are at risk in anterolateral ankle arthroscopy portals. EDB is the only intrinsic extensor of the foot.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

EDB Origin Avulsion

Avulsion of the extensor digitorum brevis from the calcaneus occurs with severe lateral ankle sprains, producing dorsolateral foot pain and tenderness near the sinus tarsi, sometimes visible as a small avulsion fragment on X-ray and managed conservatively in most cases.

EDB Contusion and Tear

Direct blunt trauma to the dorsal foot, a common consequence of foot crush injuries, can contuse or tear the extensor digitorum brevis muscle belly, producing dorsal swelling easily mistaken for a fracture or synovial cyst.