The EPL tendon takes a sharp turn around Lister tubercle (the dorsal radial ridge) before crossing the anatomical snuffbox to insert on the thumb distal phalanx. This change of direction creates friction against the tubercle and reduces the blood supply to this portion of the tendon, making it susceptible to attrition rupture after minimally displaced distal radius fractures (2 to 12 weeks post-injury). EPL rupture produces drooping of the thumb tip without pain.
Thumb IP joint extension; retropulsion of the thumb; forms the dorsal border of the anatomical snuffbox
EPL rupture after distal radius fracture (the Thompson test — asking the patient to place the hand flat and lift the thumb off the table) is managed with extensor indicis proprius transfer rather than primary repair, as the tendon ends are typically too frayed for direct repair. The EIP transfer reliably restores thumb IP extension.
Tendon disruption at Lister tubercle after distal radius fracture producing sudden painless thumb droop, managed with EIP tendon transfer.
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