The gluteal fascia is the deep fascia of the buttock. Over gluteus medius it is a thick, strong aponeurosis that gives origin to muscle fibres, while over gluteus maximus it splits to enclose the muscle. It is continuous below with the fascia lata and contributes to the iliotibial tract.
| Location | Over the gluteal muscles of the buttock. |
|---|---|
| Boundaries |
|
Encloses the gluteal muscles, gives origin to gluteus medius and transmits tension into the iliotibial tract.
Gluteal compartment syndrome, though rare, follows prolonged immobilisation such as drug overdose or long surgery and is released by opening this fascia. Tight fascia over gluteus medius and maximus contributes to lateral hip pain. The fascia is the landmark plane for deep gluteal and posterior hip surgical approaches.
Raised pressure under the gluteal fascia, often after long immobility, causing severe buttock pain, muscle breakdown and risk of sciatic nerve injury. Treated with urgent fasciotomy.
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