- May 2, 2026The superficial MCL is the primary medial static stabiliser of the knee, providing valgus restraint throughout flexion and being the…
- May 2, 2026The mid-third medial capsular ligament runs between the superficial MCL and the coronary ligament layers, tethering the medial meniscal body…
- May 2, 2026The ACL posterolateral bundle is tightest in extension when the pivot shift test is most provocative. Its reconstruction in double-bundle…
- May 2, 2026The anterolateral ligament was re-described in 2012 by Claes et al as a distinct ligamentous structure at the anterolateral knee,…
- May 2, 2026The posterior knee capsule resists hyperextension and provides the containment for the posterior joint space. The oblique popliteal ligament (from…
- May 2, 2026The deep MCL component (medial capsular ligament) tethers the medial meniscus peripherally through its meniscofemoral and meniscotibial fibres. It is…
- May 2, 2026The lateral patellar retinaculum is a complex structure with superficial (oblique) and deep (transverse) layers connecting the iliotibial band and…
- May 2, 2026The transverse (intermeniscal) ligament of the knee connects the anterior horns of the medial and lateral menisci, coordinating their anterior…
- May 2, 2026The ACL has two functional bundles — the anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL). The AM bundle is the primary restraint…
- May 2, 2026The posterolateral knee capsule is the primary containment structure of the posterolateral corner, reinforced by the arcuate ligament, LCL, popliteus,…