- May 2, 2026The A3 pulley lies directly over the PIP joint, the smallest of the five annular pulleys. Its intimate relationship with…
- May 2, 2026The A4 pulley overlies the middle phalanx, providing the critical anchoring point for the FDP tendon as it generates DIP…
- May 2, 2026The A5 pulley is the smallest annular pulley, located at the DIP joint level. It is frequently absent as a…
- May 2, 2026The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb MCP joint runs from the ulnar condyle of the first metacarpal head…
- May 2, 2026The transverse retinacular ligament is a short transverse band running from the flexor tendon sheath and the palmar plate of…
- May 2, 2026Each PIP joint has proper and accessory collateral ligaments: the proper collateral ligament (PCL) is the primary valgus-varus restraint running…
- May 2, 2026The palmar plate (volar plate) of the thumb interphalangeal joint is a fibrocartilaginous structure on the palmar surface of the…
- May 2, 2026The scapholunate joint is stabilised by both intrinsic ligaments (the scapholunate interosseous ligament, SLIL) and extrinsic ligaments. The dorsal extrinsic…
- May 2, 2026The palmar radiocarpal ligaments are the primary stabilisers of the wrist, running from the distal radius and ulna to the…
- May 2, 2026The radial collateral ligament of each proximal interphalangeal joint runs from the lateral condyle of the proximal phalanx to the…