The pyloric antrum is the funnel-shaped lower part of the stomach between the angular incisure and the narrow pyloric canal. Its thick muscular wall produces strong contractions that grind food into fine particles. Its glands contain G cells, which release the hormone gastrin, and relatively few acid-producing cells.
| Location | Lower part of the stomach, from the angular incisure to the pyloric canal, crossing the epigastrium toward the right |
|---|---|
| Parts |
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| Nerve Supply | Anterior and posterior vagal trunks (including the nerves of Latarjet); Coeliac plexus (sympathetic) |
| Blood Supply | Right gastric artery; Right gastro-omental artery |
| Venous drainage |
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| Lymphatic drainage |
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Grinds food and pumps chyme toward the pylorus, and releases gastrin to stimulate acid secretion after a meal.
Helicobacter pylori infection usually begins in the antrum, and antral biopsies are routinely taken to look for it. Gastrin from antral G cells drives acid production, so removing the antrum (antrectomy) lowers acid output. The antral branches of the anterior vagal trunk (the nerves of Latarjet) are preserved in highly selective vagotomy to keep normal emptying.
Inflammation of the antral lining, most often due to H. pylori, linked to duodenal ulcers.
Narrowing at the antrum or pylorus from scarring of ulcers or tumour, causing vomiting of undigested food and a distended stomach.
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