Supraclavicular Nerves

nervi supraclaviculares

The supraclavicular nerves arise from the cervical plexus (C3-C4) and emerge as a group from the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid before descending over the clavicle as medial, intermediate, and lateral branches. They supply the skin over the clavicle, the shoulder cap above the deltoid, and the upper anterior chest wall to approximately the second rib.

Region: Neck

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

The lateral supraclavicular nerves cross the clavicle and are at risk in clavicle fractures and operative clavicle plating, where their injury produces numbness over the shoulder point and upper deltoid region. Supraclavicular nerve block targets these nerves along with the brachial plexus for shoulder anaesthesia. The nerves should be identified and protected during subclavian venous port insertion and supraclavicular brachial plexus surgery.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Clavicle Fracture Neuropraxia

Stretch or contusion of lateral supraclavicular nerves from clavicle displacement produces transient numbness of the shoulder cap and upper deltoid, typically resolving over weeks to months with expectant management.

Clavicle Plate Surgery Injury

Incision or retraction injury during clavicle plating causes supraclavicular nerve neuroma formation with point tenderness and hypersensitivity over the scar, a well-documented complication that affects patient satisfaction and may require neurolysis or neurectomy.