The proper plantar digital nerves are the terminal sensory branches supplying the plantar surface of individual toes. The medial plantar nerve provides proper digital nerves to the medial 3.5 toes, while the lateral plantar nerve supplies the lateral 1.5 toes. Each toe receives two proper plantar digital nerves (medial and lateral), with the hallux receiving its medial branch from the medial plantar nerve's first proper digital branch.
Proper plantar digital nerve injury from toe injuries, forefoot surgery, or Morton's neuroma excision produces toe-specific plantar numbness. The proper digital nerves are the final common pathway for forefoot nociception and their damage produces neuropathic pain, hypersensitivity, and toe-specific sensory loss. Careful neurological mapping of toe sensation helps localise the level of nerve injury in forefoot surgery complications.
Toe-specific plantar numbness from proper plantar digital nerve damage during forefoot surgery, Morton's neuroma excision, or direct toe trauma, producing persistent neuropathic pain requiring nerve-directed treatment.
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