The popliteal plexus is a network of sympathetic and sensory nerve fibres surrounding the popliteal artery, formed by contributions from the tibial and common peroneal nerves. It provides vasomotor innervation to the popliteal vessels and sensory innervation to the posterior knee capsule and synovium.
The popliteal plexus is the target for popliteal artery adventitial cyst nerve contribution assessment and for posterior knee denervation procedures. Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome involves the neurovascular bundle in the popliteal fossa and may include plexus irritation. Posterior knee pain with popliteal fullness should include assessment of the popliteal plexus in addition to vascular and joint pathology.
Sympathetically mediated posterior knee pain from popliteal plexus irritation, producing burning, allodynia, and vasomotor changes in the posterior knee and calf, managed with popliteal sympathetic blocks.
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